Crataegus monogyna

It is a thorny shrub up to 4 m tall, with short shoots that also end in thorns.

The flowers are white, rarely pink, and have only one style.

The fruit is dark wine red, globose to egg shaped, 6 to 10 mm across, with a single stone.

Info Flora gives the flowering period of single seeded hawthorn in Switzerland as May to June.

The Czech Pladias database records hawthorn as insect pollinated with selfing and flowering May to June in Czechia.

It is indigenous in Switzerland and grows in warmer and drier sites than Crataegus laevigata, from the colline to the montane belt.

A University of Bayreuth species sheet places it in hedges, scrub and along field and path margins, from the lowlands up to 1000 m.

The Bavarian LWG rates hawthorn 2 for nectar and 2 for pollen on its 1 to 4 scale, noting only moderate bee visits when Robinia competes, and fire blight.

In a UK hedgerow study, the proportion of hawthorn flowers setting fruit was significantly reduced when insects were excluded with mesh bags.

The same UK study found hawthorn to be pollen limited, which the authors read as a sign of inadequate pollination service in the study area.

The UK study notes that fruits of hedgerow plants such as hawthorn are a winter food source for fruit eating birds on farmland.

Hawthorn was medicinal plant of the year 2019 in Germany; the University of Muenster also notes its suitability for cut or free growing hedges.